{"id":7282,"date":"2021-08-11T02:08:24","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T06:08:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/healthcliner.com\/virus-suy-giam-mien-dich-o-nguoi-hiv-va-hoi-chung-suy-giam-mien-dich-mac-phai-aids\/"},"modified":"2021-08-11T02:08:24","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T06:08:24","slug":"virus-suy-giam-mien-dich-o-nguoi-hiv-va-hoi-chung-suy-giam-mien-dich-mac-phai-aids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/healthcliner.com\/vi\/virus-suy-giam-mien-dich-o-nguoi-hiv-va-hoi-chung-suy-giam-mien-dich-mac-phai-aids\/","title":{"rendered":"Virus suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i (AIDS)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Virus suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o T-helper, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o CD4, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 virus ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o CD4 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, HIV d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i (AIDS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t do nhi\u1ec5m HIV kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, HIV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1981 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a HIV<\/strong><\/p>\n

HIV ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u0103n b\u1eafn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930 khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng con tinh tinh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi vi-r\u00fat \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Phi. Virus l\u00e2y lan kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c HIV v\u00e0 AIDS, khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i, ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c HIV v\u00e0 AIDS \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1981; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh nam (GRID). \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay ti\u00eam. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 AIDS v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982; v\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3, Canada b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p AIDS \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

HIV t\u1ef1 sao ch\u00e9p trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng retrovirus, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n HIV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00fam; c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m k\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng, b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111au \u1edf kh\u1edbp. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. Sau khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0o t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i, l\u00fd l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i..<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n

HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai; vi-r\u00fat l\u00e2y lan qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e1u, tinh d\u1ecbch, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, s\u1eefa t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng trinh n\u1eef. HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 d\u1ea1ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua giao h\u1ee3p \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch trao \u0111\u1ed5i kim ti\u00eam, \u1ed1ng ti\u00eam v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ma t\u00fay ti\u00eam kh\u00e1c. Trong khi mang thai, chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c sinh con t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang thai sang tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng chung thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tr\u1ebb b\u00fa s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e1u, tinh tr\u00f9ng, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV: nhai th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho tr\u1ebb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho ch\u00fang \u0103n. Truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan vi-r\u00fat. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u, n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV ho\u1eb7c AIDS c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y..<\/p>\n

HIV v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng ch\u1ec9 khi n\u01b0\u1edbu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t m\u1edf trong mi\u1ec7ng. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV c\u1eafn n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t m\u1edf. Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng da b\u1ecb g\u00e3y ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng nh\u1ea7y v\u00e0 m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd HIV\/AIDS<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u xem b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m HIV kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n HIV ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee7 vi-r\u00fat b\u00ean trong b\u1ea1n. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft; n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi-r\u00fat, bi\u1ebft c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t cho ph\u00e9p qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. <\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1ng chung v\u1edbi HIV \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00ean t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n \u0111ang quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a HIV v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c (STDs) c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec HIV c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n do STDs, \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u STD kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng v\u00ec HIV l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c, ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p virus ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. L\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00f3 toa thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1n \u1edf xa nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u r\u01b0\u1ee3u. U\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m. B\u1ecf h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c; b\u1ecf h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn HIV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m, b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n. Tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam n\u1ed7i \u0111au th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn HIV. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t. \u0110i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef d\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m HIV trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m HIV, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh bao l\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd tr\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t sau khi ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00ec ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n HIV ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n. S\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n AIDS.<\/p>\n

HIV trong m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HIV trong m\u00e1u. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c HIV theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap qu\u00fd v\u1ecb duy tr\u00ec t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi-r\u00fat th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o CD4 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb gi\u00fap ng\u1eebng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi-r\u00fat kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00edt nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y lan HIV cho b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh trong khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua virus c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma t\u00fay ti\u00eam. T\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng ng\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m cho em b\u00e9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 v\u00e0 cho con b\u00fa n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng retrovirus khi mang thai.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng retrovirus nh\u01b0 Abacavir (Ziagen), Lamivudine (Epivir) v\u00e0 Emtricitabine (Emtriva) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV; tuy nhi\u00ean, HIV v\u00e0 AIDS kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c y t\u1ebf th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd HIV; vi-r\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong v\u00f2ng s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Thu\u1ed1c HIV kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c; thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng retrovirus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus gi\u1ea3m sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV, n\u00f3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng hai tri\u1ec7u ca nhi\u1ec5m HIV x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed7i n\u0103m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng HIV k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m (PREP) cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m (PEP) sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m nguy c\u01a1 cao c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh l\u00e0 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh vi sinh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb HIV v\u00e0 AIDS, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb HIV \/ AIDS. HIV v\u00e0 AIDS l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c; xem x\u00e9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng retrovirus nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. N\u00ean li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Virus suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o T-helper, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o CD4, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 virus […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5531,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[110],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7282","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-suc-khoe-gia-dinh"},"yoast_head":"\nVirus suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i (AIDS) - Healthcliner<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/healthcliner.com\/vi\/virus-suy-giam-mien-dich-o-nguoi-hiv-va-hoi-chung-suy-giam-mien-dich-mac-phai-aids\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Virus suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i (AIDS) - Healthcliner\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Virus suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. 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